The Number That Shouldn't Exist
TL;DR Brahmagupta defined explicit arithmetic rules for zero in 628 CE, shifting it from a placeholder to a formal number. The combination of Aryabhata's positional notation and Brahmagupta's zero m

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Series
The History of Indian Computing
TL;DR Brahmagupta defined explicit arithmetic rules for zero in 628 CE, shifting it from a placeholder to a formal number. The combination of Aryabhata's positional notation and Brahmagupta's zero m

In 499 CE, Aryabhata wrote down a step-by-step procedure for solving equations that would take European mathematics another twelve centuries to independently rediscover.

Piṅgala's Chandaḥśāstra how a ~3rd century BCE Sanskrit prosodist built algorithms for enumerating poetic meters that happen to be structurally identical to binary counting.

Pāṇini's Aṣṭādhyāyī is 3,959 rules for generating all of Sanskrit. It looks eerily like a compiler

Unsung Bits: the wild, underrated CS ideas that came out of India
